我一直在研究线性回归，并在下面的集合 {(x,y)} 上进行了尝试，其中 x 以平方英尺为单位指定房屋面积，y 以美元为单位指定价格。这是Andrew Ng Notes中的第一个示例。

2104,400
1600,330
2400,369
1416,232
3000,540

我开发了一个示例代码，但是当我运行它时，成本随着每一步而增加，而它应该随着每一步而减少。下面给出的代码和输出。bias是W ₀ X ₀，其中X ₀ =1。featureWeights是 [X ₁ ,X ₂ ,...,X _N ]的数组

我还尝试了此处提供的在线 python 解决方案，并在此处进行了解释。但是这个例子也给出了相同的输出。

理解这个概念的差距在哪里？

代码：

package com.practice.cnn;

import java.util.Arrays;

public class LinearRegressionExample {

    private float ALPHA = 0.0001f;
    private int featureCount = 0;
    private int rowCount = 0;

    private float bias = 1.0f;
    private float[] featureWeights = null;

    private float optimumCost = Float.MAX_VALUE;

    private boolean status = true;

    private float trainingInput[][] = null;
    private float trainingOutput[] = null;

    public void train(float[][] input, float[] output) {
        if (input == null || output == null) {
            return;
        }

        if (input.length != output.length) {
            return;
        }

        if (input.length == 0) {
            return;
        }

        rowCount = input.length;
        featureCount = input[0].length;

        for (int i = 1; i < rowCount; i++) {
            if (input[i] == null) {
                return;
            }

            if (featureCount != input[i].length) {
                return;
            }
        }

        featureWeights = new float[featureCount];
        Arrays.fill(featureWeights, 1.0f);

        bias = 0;   //temp-update-1
        featureWeights[0] = 0;  //temp-update-1

        this.trainingInput = input;
        this.trainingOutput = output;

        int count = 0;
        while (true) {
            float cost = getCost();

            System.out.print("Iteration[" + (count++) + "] ==> ");
            System.out.print("bias -> " + bias);
            for (int i = 0; i < featureCount; i++) {
                System.out.print(", featureWeights[" + i + "] -> " + featureWeights[i]);
            }
            System.out.print(", cost -> " + cost);
            System.out.println();

//          if (cost > optimumCost) {
//              status = false;
//              break;
//          } else {
//              optimumCost = cost;
//          }

            optimumCost = cost;

            float newBias = bias + (ALPHA * getGradientDescent(-1));

            float[] newFeaturesWeights = new float[featureCount];
            for (int i = 0; i < featureCount; i++) {
                newFeaturesWeights[i] = featureWeights[i] + (ALPHA * getGradientDescent(i));
            }

            bias = newBias;

            for (int i = 0; i < featureCount; i++) {
                featureWeights[i] = newFeaturesWeights[i];
            }
        }
    }

    private float getCost() {
        float sum = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++) {
            float temp = bias;
            for (int j = 0; j < featureCount; j++) {
                temp += featureWeights[j] * trainingInput[i][j];
            }

            float x = (temp - trainingOutput[i]) * (temp - trainingOutput[i]);
            sum += x;
        }
        return (sum / rowCount);
    }

    private float getGradientDescent(final int index) {
        float sum = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++) {
            float temp = bias;
            for (int j = 0; j < featureCount; j++) {
                temp += featureWeights[j] * trainingInput[i][j];
            }

            float x = trainingOutput[i] - (temp);
            sum += (index == -1) ? x : (x * trainingInput[i][index]);
        }
        return ((sum * 2) / rowCount);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        float[][] input = new float[][] { { 2104 }, { 1600 }, { 2400 }, { 1416 }, { 3000 } };

        float[] output = new float[] { 400, 330, 369, 232, 540 };

        LinearRegressionExample example = new LinearRegressionExample();
        example.train(input, output);
    }
}

输出：

Iteration[0] ==> bias -> 0.0, featureWeights[0] -> 0.0, cost -> 150097.0
Iteration[1] ==> bias -> 0.07484, featureWeights[0] -> 168.14847, cost -> 1.34029099E11
Iteration[2] ==> bias -> -70.60721, featureWeights[0] -> -159417.34, cost -> 1.20725801E17
Iteration[3] ==> bias -> 67012.305, featureWeights[0] -> 1.51299168E8, cost -> 1.0874295E23
Iteration[4] ==> bias -> -6.3599688E7, featureWeights[0] -> -1.43594258E11, cost -> 9.794949E28
Iteration[5] ==> bias -> 6.036088E10, featureWeights[0] -> 1.36281745E14, cost -> 8.822738E34
Iteration[6] ==> bias -> -5.7287012E13, featureWeights[0] -> -1.29341617E17, cost -> Infinity
Iteration[7] ==> bias -> 5.4369677E16, featureWeights[0] -> 1.2275491E20, cost -> Infinity
Iteration[8] ==> bias -> -5.1600908E19, featureWeights[0] -> -1.1650362E23, cost -> Infinity
Iteration[9] ==> bias -> 4.897313E22, featureWeights[0] -> 1.1057068E26, cost -> Infinity
Iteration[10] ==> bias -> -4.6479177E25, featureWeights[0] -> -1.0493987E29, cost -> Infinity
Iteration[11] ==> bias -> 4.411223E28, featureWeights[0] -> 9.959581E31, cost -> Infinity
Iteration[12] ==> bias -> -4.186581E31, featureWeights[0] -> -Infinity, cost -> Infinity
Iteration[13] ==> bias -> Infinity, featureWeights[0] -> NaN, cost -> NaN
Iteration[14] ==> bias -> NaN, featureWeights[0] -> NaN, cost -> NaN