使用地图时react“无法读取未定义的属性”

IT技术 javascript reactjs frontend
2021-01-17 00:57:34

我正在从 teamtreehouse.com 制作一个非常基本的 React 应用程序,我经常遇到

“类型错误:无法读取未定义的属性‘onPlayerScoreChange’”

即使我正确绑定了我的功能(我认为)

'onPlayerScoreChange'Grandparent组件中的一个方法,当用户点击“+”或“-”按钮以更改玩家的分数时执行。

如果有人能解释什么是错的,那将非常有帮助,因为我认为我正在设置this.onPlayerScoreChange = this.onPlayerScoreChange.bind(this)曾祖父母的构造函数。

父组件:

class App extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.onPlayerScoreChange = this.onPlayerScoreChange.bind(this)
    this.state = {
        initialPlayers: props.initialPlayers,
    };
}

onPlayerScoreChange(delta, index) {
    this.setState((prevState, props) => {
        return {initialPlayers: this.prevState.initialPlayers[index].score += delta}
    })
}

render() {
    return(
        <div className = "scoreboard">
            <Header title = {this.props.title}/>
            <div className = "players">
                {this.state.initialPlayers.map(function(player, index) {
                    return(
                        <Player 
                        name = {player.name} 
                        score = {player.score} 
                        key = {player.id} 
                        index = {index}
                        onScoreChange = {this.onPlayerScoreChange}
                        />
                    )
                })}
            </div>
        </div>
    )
}}

(组件具有标题的默认props)

子组件:

class Player extends React.Component {
render() {
    return(
        <div className = "player">
            <div className = "player-name">
                {this.props.name}
            </div>
            <div className = "player-score">
                <Counter score = {this.props.score} onChange = {this.props.onScoreChange} index = {this.props.index}/>
            </div>
        </div>
)
}}

孙组件:

class Counter extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
    super(props)
    this.handleDecrement = this.handleDecrement.bind(this)
    this.handleIncrement = this.handleIncrement.bind(this)
}

handleDecrement() {
    this.props.onChange(-1, this.props.index)
}

handleIncrement() {
    this.props.onChange(1, this.props.index)
}

render() {
    return(
        <div className = "counter">
            <button className = "counter-action decrement" onClick = {this.handleDecrement}> - </button>
            <div className = "counter-score"> {this.props.score} </div>
            <button className = "counter-action increment" onClick = {this.handleIncrement}> + </button>
        </div>
)}}

谢谢!

4个回答

您还没有为您使用的地图功能完成绑定onScoreChange = {this.onPlayerScoreChange}

您可以使用绑定或箭头函数进行绑定

需要 PS 绑定,因为 map 函数的上下文与 React Component 上下文不同,因此this在此函数内部不会引用 React 组件this,因此您无法访问 React Component 类的该属性。

带箭头功能:

 {this.state.initialPlayers.map((player, index)=> {
                return(
                    <Player 
                    name = {player.name} 
                    score = {player.score} 
                    key = {player.id} 
                    index = {index}
                    onScoreChange = {this.onPlayerScoreChange}
                    />
                )
            })}

带绑定

   {this.state.initialPlayers.map(function(player, index) {
                return(
                    <Player 
                    name = {player.name} 
                    score = {player.score} 
                    key = {player.id} 
                    index = {index}
                    onScoreChange = {this.onPlayerScoreChange}
                    />
                )
            }.bind(this))}

也可以通过将第二个参数作为 this 传递给 map 函数来完成,因为 onClick 事件使用 map 函数的本地 this ,这里未定义, this 当前指的是全局对象。

{this.state.initialPlayers.map(function(player, index) {
                    return(
                        <Player 
                        name = {player.name} 
                        score = {player.score} 
                        key = {player.id} 
                        index = {index}
                        onScoreChange = {this.onPlayerScoreChange}
                        />
                    )
                }),this}

有时这很容易,这完全取决于您如何声明循环

例如,如果你尝试做这样的事情,你会得到这个错误 var.map(function(example, index) {}

但是如果你用这个在地图中调用新函数

this.sate.articles.map(list => 
{<a onClick={() => this.myNewfunction()}>{list.title}</a>)}

第二个循环将使您摆脱未定义的错误

并且不要忘记绑定您的新功能

//这应该在map函数之前声明

const thObj = 这个;

this.sate.articles.map(list => {<a onClick={() => thObj.myNewfunction()}>{list.title})}