我有一个顾问为一个小办公室设置了一个基本的网络,但我有一些关于实现它的最佳方法的问题。我们使用连接到 Catalyst 3750 的 Cisco 1921 路由器作为主交换机。另外两个 Catalyst 3750 从主交换机分支出来,用于不同的套件。VLAN 中继到主 3750,其中每个 VLAN/子网的网关 (192.168.x.1)。路由器正在使用连接到 ISP 调制解调器的外部接口上的公共 IP 和面向交换网络的内部接口上的私有 IP 执行 NAT。
我想知道的事情:
- 每个子网/vlan 的网关是否应该驻留在主 L3 交换机上?
- 我需要将任何 VLAN 中继到路由器吗?
- 是否有双重 NAT 发生?...电缆调制解调器处于桥接模式
- 我应该在我的交换机上配置默认网关吗?
- 任何其他建议,例如更改寻址方案?..路由器不是 .1 困扰我
VoIP 公司的一些技术人员声称存在双重 NAT,因为他在跟踪路由中看到了两个私有 IP 地址。据我所知,这是不正确的,因为数据包先到达 L3 交换机上的网关,然后再到达内部路由器接口,然后再进入互联网,所以有两跳。如果我错了,请纠正我。
traceroute to 39.419.1.25 (74.115.98.25), 64 hops max, 52 byte packets
1 192.168.4.1 (192.168.4.1) 0.739 ms 3.157 ms 0.516 ms <---Gateway on L3 switch
2 192.168.1.2 (192.168.1.2) 0.573 ms 0.488 ms 0.466 ms <---Router Inside Interface
3 * * * <---Cable Modem???
4 ip43-52-53-43.blah.blah.blah.net (43.52.53.43) 9.125 ms 14.633 ms 9.812 ms
5 * * *
6 blah.blah.blah.net (45.2.4.90) 30.010 ms 19.896 ms 29.781 ms
路由器配置
Current configuration : 5879 bytes
!
! Last configuration change at 00:33:56 UTC Sun Mar 1 2015 by noc
! NVRAM config last updated at 20:45:24 UTC Mon Mar 2 2015 by noc
! NVRAM config last updated at 20:45:24 UTC Mon Mar 2 2015 by noc
version 15.2
service timestamps debug datetime
service timestamps log datetime
no service password-encryption
!
hostname ROUTER-1
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
!
logging buffered 64000
logging console emergencies
!
no aaa new-model
!
ip cef
!
!
!
!
!
!
ip name-server 8.8.8.8
ip name-server 8.8.4.4
no ipv6 cef
multilink bundle-name authenticated
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
ip tcp mss 1492
!
!
!
!
interface Embedded-Service-Engine0/0
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
description WAN
ip address x.x.x.x 255.255.255.240
ip access-group 101 in
ip nat outside
ip virtual-reassembly in
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
description LAN
ip address x.x.x.x 255.255.255.0
ip nat inside
ip virtual-reassembly in
duplex auto
speed auto
!
ip forward-protocol nd
!
no ip http server
ip http access-class 23
ip http authentication local
ip http secure-server
ip http timeout-policy idle 60 life 86400 requests 10000
!
ip dns server
ip nat inside source list 7 interface GigabitEthernet0/0 overload
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 184.191.183.49
ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
!
access-list 7 permit 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
access-list 7 permit 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
access-list 7 permit 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255
access-list 7 permit 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255
access-list 23 permit 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.7
access-list 101 remark Standardized inbound anti-spoofing list
access-list 101 deny ip 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255 any
access-list 101 deny ip 172.16.0.0 0.15.255.255 any
access-list 101 deny ip 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 any
access-list 101 deny ip 127.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 any
access-list 101 deny ip 255.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 any
access-list 101 deny ip 224.0.0.0 7.255.255.255 any
access-list 101 deny ip 14.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 any log
access-list 101 deny ip 169.254.0.0 0.0.255.255 any log
access-list 101 deny ip 198.18.0.0 0.0.255.255 any log
access-list 101 deny ip host 0.0.0.0 any
access-list 101 deny ip 50.202.143.128 0.0.0.31 any
access-list 101 deny udp any any eq snmp log
access-list 101 deny udp any any eq snmptrap log
access-list 101 deny tcp any any range 135 139 log
access-list 101 deny udp any any range 135 netbios-ss log
access-list 101 deny tcp any any eq 6666 log
access-list 101 deny tcp any any eq 6667 log
access-list 101 deny tcp any any eq 445 log
access-list 101 deny udp any any eq 445 log
access-list 101 permit ip any any
access-list 101 deny ip any any log
!
!
!
control-plane
!
!
!
!
scheduler allocate 20000 1000
ntp server 128.138.141.172
ntp server 216.228.192.69
!
end
配电开关
Current configuration : 9859 bytes
!
! Last configuration change at 20:27:24 UTC Mon Mar 2 2015
! NVRAM config last updated at 20:45:03 UTC Mon Mar 2 2015
!
version 12.2
no service pad
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname SWITCH-1
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
!
!
!
no aaa new-model
switch 1 provision ws-c3750g-48ps
system mtu routing 1500
ip routing
no ip dhcp use vrf connected
ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.100
ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.100
ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.3.1 192.168.3.100
ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.4.1 192.168.4.100
!
ip dhcp pool VLAN10
network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 192.168.1.1
dns-server 8.8.8.8
!
ip dhcp pool VLAN20
network 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 192.168.2.1
dns-server 8.8.8.8
!
ip dhcp pool VLAN30
network 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 192.168.3.1
dns-server 8.8.8.8
!
ip dhcp pool VLAN40
network 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0
default-router 192.168.4.1
dns-server 8.8.8.8
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst
spanning-tree extend system-id
!
vlan internal allocation policy ascending
!
ip ssh version 2
!
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
description ROUTER
switchport access vlan 10
switchport mode access
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2
description TRUNK-SWITCH-2
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport trunk native vlan 911
switchport mode trunk
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3
description TRUNK-SWITCH-3
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport trunk native vlan 911
switchport mode trunk
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/4
description WLC
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport trunk native vlan 20
switchport mode trunk
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/5
description AP-401
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport trunk native vlan 20
switchport mode trunk
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/6
description AP-402
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport trunk native vlan 20
switchport mode trunk
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/7
description SERVER-1
switchport access vlan 40
switchport mode access
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/8
description SERVER-2
switchport access vlan 40
switchport mode access
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/9
description ADT-DVR
switchport access vlan 30
switchport mode access
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/10
description ADT
switchport access vlan 30
switchport mode access
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/11
description Printer-402
switchport access vlan 30
switchport mode access
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/12
description Printer-401
switchport access vlan 30
switchport mode access
duplex full
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/13
switchport access vlan 30
switchport mode access
!
interface Vlan1
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Vlan10
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Vlan20
ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Vlan30
ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
ip access-group 101 in
!
interface Vlan40
ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0
!
!
ip classless
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.2
no ip http server
ip http secure-server
!
access-list 101 permit udp any eq bootpc any eq bootps
access-list 101 deny ip any 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
access-list 101 deny ip any 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
access-list 101 deny ip any 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255
access-list 101 permit ip any any
!
!
!
ntp clock-period 36029145
ntp server 128.138.141.172
ntp server 216.228.192.69
end