在工作中，我们有一个 cisco 3560 L3 核心，我们在其中实现了所有 L3 VLAN 和控制 VLAN 间路由的 ACL。就客户端机器而言，L3 交换机是默认网关，然后将数据包转发到路由器。就路由器而言，如果它看不到客户端机器，则它连接到交换机。但是，现在需要远程访问 VPN，为此我们将使用 5520 ASA 路由器。这里出现的问题是我们所有的 ACL 都在交换机中，我更愿意将所有这些类型的控件留在交换机中。理想情况下，我希望 VPN 流量从路由器进入，并进入适当 VLAN 上的交换机，然后交换机可以控制 ACL。
我注意到 5520 在与远程连接相关的组策略下确实有一个“vlan”选项，但是我对将数据输入交换机的最佳方式有些困惑。
我将如何最好地实现这一目标？我的 LAN 端口是 GigabitEthernet0/1。
- 我是否使用 GigabitEthernet0/1.4？
- 我是否将 GigabitEthernet0/1 中继到交换机，并使用路由器的内部 IP 设置环回以保留路由？
- 我可以只标记 VLAN 并以某种方式将它们推送到交换机中吗？
这是拓扑的组合图像。
- 左侧的客户端位于 LAN 内部，位于其相应的 VLAN 中，如图所示。
- 我们的核心交换机是 cisco 3560。我们的路由器是 cisco 5520 ASA。
- 右侧的客户端代表通过 cisco SSL VPN 连接的远程客户端。
谢谢大家
ASA 基本配置：
hostname CoreRouter
domain-name ***
enable password *** encrypted
xlate per-session deny tcp any4 any4
xlate per-session deny tcp any4 any6
xlate per-session deny tcp any6 any4
xlate per-session deny tcp any6 any6
xlate per-session deny udp any4 any4 eq domain
xlate per-session deny udp any4 any6 eq domain
xlate per-session deny udp any6 any4 eq domain
xlate per-session deny udp any6 any6 eq domain
passwd *** encrypted
names
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
speed 100
duplex full
nameif outside
security-level 0
ip address 30.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
nameif inside
security-level 100
ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/2
shutdown
no nameif
no security-level
no ip address
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/3
shutdown
no nameif
no security-level
no ip address
!
interface Management0/0
management-only
nameif management
security-level 100
ip address 10.0.6.5 255.255.255.0
!
ftp mode passive
clock timezone AWST 8
object network NET-10.0
subnet 10.0.0.0 255.255.0.0
description Per (Local)
object network NET-10.1
subnet 10.1.0.0 255.255.0.0
description Avv (Remote)
object network RemoteAccessCorp
subnet 10.0.4.0 255.255.255.0
description SSL Restricted Remote Access
object network RemoteAccessIT
subnet 10.0.5.0 255.255.255.0
description SSL Unrestricted Remote Access
object-group network NET-VPN
network-object object NET-10.1
network-object object RemoteAccessCorp
network-object object RemoteAccessIT
!
access-list s2s-vpn-avv extended permit ip object NET-10.0 object NET-10.1
pager lines 24
mtu outside 1500
mtu inside 1500
mtu inside_12 1500
mtu inside_13 1500
mtu management 1500
no failover
icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1
no asdm history enable
arp timeout 14400
no arp permit-nonconnected
nat (inside,outside) source static NET-10.0 NET-10.0 destination static NET-VPN NET-VPN no-proxy-arp route-lookup
!
nat (inside,outside) after-auto source dynamic NET-10.0 interface
access-group ingress-harden in interface outside
route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 30.0.0.2 1
route inside 10.0.6.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 1
route inside 10.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 1
route inside 10.0.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 1
timeout xlate 3:00:00
timeout pat-xlate 0:00:30
timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02
timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00
timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00
timeout sip-provisional-media 0:02:00 uauth 0:05:00 absolute
timeout tcp-proxy-reassembly 0:01:00
timeout floating-conn 0:00:00
ldap attribute-map LDAP-MEMBEROF-VPN
map-name memberOf Group-Policy
map-value memberOf "CN=IT Staff,OU=Production,OU=Groups,OU=All Users and groups,DC=internal" ItClient
map-value memberOf "CN=ASA-VPN,OU=Production,OU=Groups,OU=All Users and groups,DC=internal" CorpClient
dynamic-access-policy-record DfltAccessPolicy
aaa-server LDAP protocol ldap
aaa-server LDAP (inside) host 10.0.6.2
ldap-base-dn OU=Production Users,OU=All Users and groups,DC=internal
ldap-scope subtree
ldap-naming-attribute sAMAccountName
ldap-login-password *****
ldap-login-dn CN=ASA SSL VPN,OU=LDAP System accounts,DC=internal
server-type microsoft
ldap-attribute-map LDAP-MEMBEROF-VPN
user-identity default-domain LOCAL
aaa authentication ssh console LOCAL
http server enable
no snmp-server location
no snmp-server contact
no snmp-server enable
no service password-recovery
crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal OurProposal
protocol esp encryption aes-256
protocol esp integrity sha-1
crypto ipsec security-association pmtu-aging infinite
crypto map AeonMap 1 match address s2s-vpn-avv
crypto map AeonMap 1 set peer ***
crypto map AeonMap 1 set ikev2 ipsec-proposal OurProposal
crypto map AeonMap interface outside
crypto ca trustpoint localtrust
enrollment self
fqdn CoreRouter.internal
subject-name CN=CoreRouter.internal
keypair sslvpnkey
crl configure
crypto ca trustpool policy
crypto ca certificate chain localtrust
certificate ***
quit
crypto isakmp identity address
crypto ikev2 policy 1
encryption aes-256
integrity sha384
group 21
prf sha
lifetime seconds 86400
crypto ikev2 enable outside
telnet timeout 5
ssh stricthostkeycheck
ssh 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 management
ssh timeout 5
ssh version 2
ssh key-exchange group dh-group14-sha1
console timeout 0
threat-detection basic-threat
threat-detection statistics access-list
no threat-detection statistics tcp-intercept
ssl trust-point localtrust outside
webvpn
enable outside
anyconnect image disk0:/anyconnect-win-3.1.00495-k9.pkg 1
anyconnect enable
tunnel-group-list enable
cache
disable
group-policy CorpClient internal
group-policy CorpClient attributes
wins-server value 10.0.6.2
dns-server value 10.0.6.2
dhcp-network-scope 10.0.6.2
vpn-simultaneous-logins 100
vpn-idle-timeout 30
vpn-tunnel-protocol ssl-client
group-policy ItClient internal
group-policy ItClient attributes
wins-server value 10.0.6.2
dns-server value 10.0.6.2
dhcp-network-scope 10.0.6.2
vpn-simultaneous-logins 100
vpn-idle-timeout 30
vpn-tunnel-protocol ssl-client
group-policy NoAccess internal
group-policy NoAccess attributes
vpn-simultaneous-logins 0
username admin password *** encrypted privilege 15
tunnel-group RemoteAccess type remote-access
tunnel-group RemoteAccess general-attributes
authentication-server-group LDAP
default-group-policy NoAccess
dhcp-server 10.0.6.2
tunnel-group RemoteAccess webvpn-attributes
group-alias Connect enable
tunnel-group *** type ipsec-l2l
tunnel-group *** ipsec-attributes
ikev2 remote-authentication pre-shared-key *****
ikev2 local-authentication pre-shared-key *****
!
class-map inspection_default
match default-inspection-traffic
!
!
policy-map type inspect dns preset_dns_map
parameters
message-length maximum client auto
message-length maximum 512
policy-map global_policy
class inspection_default
inspect dns preset_dns_map
inspect ftp
inspect h323 h225
inspect h323 ras
inspect ip-options
inspect netbios
inspect rsh
inspect rtsp
inspect skinny
inspect esmtp
inspect sqlnet
inspect sunrpc
inspect tftp
inspect sip
inspect xdmcp
!
service-policy global_policy global
prompt hostname context
no call-home reporting anonymous
call-home
profile CiscoTAC-1
no active
destination address http https://tools.cisco.com/its/service/oddce/services/DDCEService
destination address email callhome@cisco.com
destination transport-method http
subscribe-to-alert-group diagnostic
subscribe-to-alert-group environment
subscribe-to-alert-group inventory periodic monthly
subscribe-to-alert-group configuration periodic monthly
subscribe-to-alert-group telemetry periodic daily
Cryptochecksum:6c07d337dc0b47763e4661313febe10c
: end
3560基本配置： 这是一个配置很少的测试开关
version 12.2
no service pad
service timestamps debug uptime
service timestamps log uptime
no service password-encryption
!
hostname Switch
!
!
no aaa new-model
system mtu routing 1500
ip subnet-zero
ip routing
ip domain-name ***
ip name-server 10.0.6.2
!
!
!
!
no file verify auto
spanning-tree mode pvst
spanning-tree extend system-id
!
vlan internal allocation policy ascending
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
!
interface FastEthernet0/2
!
interface FastEthernet0/3
!
interface FastEthernet0/4
!
interface FastEthernet0/5
!
interface FastEthernet0/6
!
interface FastEthernet0/7
!
interface FastEthernet0/8
description To Router
ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
!
interface Vlan2
description Corporate
ip address 10.0.2.1 255.255.255.0
ip helper-address 10.0.6.2
!
interface Vlan3
description IT
ip address 10.0.3.1 255.255.255.0
ip helper-address 10.0.6.2
!
interface Vlan4
description Corporate VPN
shutdown
!
interface Vlan5
description Corporate IT VPN
shutdown
!
interface Vlan6
description Servers
ip address 10.0.6.1 255.255.255.0
!
ip classless
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.1
ip http server
!
!
control-plane
!
!
line con 0
escape-character 3
line vty 0 4
login
line vty 5 15
login
!
end
编辑 1 - ASA 子接口和交换机中继端口 -不工作
我在交换机中配置了以下内容：
interface Port-channel1
description Core Router trunk
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
!
interface FastEthernet 0/8
description to Router
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk
channel-group 1 mode on
!
int Loopback 0
ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
在 ASA 中，我有以下内容：
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
nameif inside
security-level 100
ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
interface GigabitEthernet0/1.12
nameif inside_12
security-level 100
no ip address
vlan 12
interface GigabitEthernet0/1.13
nameif inside_13
security-level 100
no ip address
vlan 13
group-policy CorpClient attributes
wins-server value 10.0.6.2
dns-server value 10.0.6.2
dhcp-network-scope 10.0.6.2
vpn-simultaneous-logins 100
vpn-idle-timeout 30
vpn-tunnel-protocol ssl-client
vlan 12
group-policy ItClient attributes
wins-server value 10.0.6.2
dns-server value 10.0.6.2
dhcp-network-scope 10.0.6.2
vpn-simultaneous-logins 100
vpn-idle-timeout 30
vpn-tunnel-protocol ssl-client
vlan 13
但是，我在使用这种方法时遇到的问题是它似乎不允许路由器和交换机之间进行通信？我相信这是因为交换机端口处于“中继”模式，而路由器端口处于“访问”模式？