多层交换机上的 HSRP 不工作

网络工程 思科 转变 交换 数据包追踪器 高铁
2021-07-30 11:09:18

我在 Packet Tracer 中有这个网络拓扑，我想在两个多层交换机上实现 HSRP。 在此处输入图片说明

所以我在这里做的是左边的交换机，笔记本电脑和服务器都在 VLAN 10 上，右边的笔记本电脑在 VLAN 20 上工作。我已经配置了交换机和底部路由器之间的中继（交换机模块安装在它上面，所以它实际上就像一个开关）。

在多层交换机上，我为每个 vlan 分配了一个 ip 地址，配置了备用并启用了 ip 路由。

我检查了路由表，它们是空的，但我认为它们应该动态配置一些路由，例如直接连接的路由。我错过了什么吗？我应该放置静态路由还是什么？

注意：使用两台笔记本电脑，我什至无法 ping HSRP 网关。

左 MLS 配置：

Building configuration...

Current configuration : 2189 bytes
!
version 16.3.2
no service timestamps log datetime msec
no service timestamps debug datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname Switch
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
no ip cef
ip routing
!
no ipv6 cef
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst
spanning-tree portfast default
spanning-tree vlan 1-30 priority 24576
!
!
!
!
!
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2
 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3
 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/4
 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/5
 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/6
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/7
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/8
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/9
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/10
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/11
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/12
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/13
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/14
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/15
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/16
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/17
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/18
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/19
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/20
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/21
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/22
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/23
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/24
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/1/1
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/1/2
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/1/3
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/1/4
!
interface Vlan1
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface Vlan10
 mac-address 0030.a378.b901
 ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0
 standby version 2
 standby 10 ip 192.168.10.100
 standby 10 priority 110
 standby 10 preempt
!
interface Vlan20
 mac-address 0030.a378.b902
 ip address 192.168.20.254 255.255.255.0
 standby version 2
 standby 20 ip 192.168.20.200
 standby 20 priority 110
 standby 20 preempt
!
interface Vlan30
 mac-address 0030.a378.b903
 ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0
!
ip classless
!
ip flow-export version 9
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
line con 0
!
line aux 0
!
line vty 0 4
 login
!
!
!
!
end

正确的 MLS 配置：

Building configuration...

Current configuration : 2168 bytes
!
version 16.3.2
no service timestamps log datetime msec
no service timestamps debug datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname Switch
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
no ip cef
ip routing
!
no ipv6 cef
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst
spanning-tree portfast default
spanning-tree vlan 1-30 priority 28672
!
!
!
!
!
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2
 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3
 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/4
 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/5
 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/6
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/7
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/8
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/9
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/10
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/11
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/12
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/13
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/14
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/15
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/16
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/17
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/18
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/19
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/20
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/21
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/22
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/23
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/24
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/1/1
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/1/2
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/1/3
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/1/4
!
interface Vlan1
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface Vlan10
 mac-address 0060.2fa3.4d01
 ip address 192.168.10.253 255.255.255.0
 standby version 2
 standby 10 ip 192.168.10.100
 standby 10 priority 90
 standby 10 preempt
!
interface Vlan20
 mac-address 0060.2fa3.4d02
 ip address 192.168.20.253 255.255.255.0
 standby 20 ip 192.168.20.200
 standby 20 priority 90
 standby 20 preempt
!
interface Vlan30
 mac-address 0060.2fa3.4d03
 ip address 192.168.30.2 255.255.255.0
!
ip classless
!
ip flow-export version 9
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
line con 0
!
line aux 0
!
line vty 0 4
 login
!
!
!
!
end

左开关配置：

Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1353 bytes
!
version 15.0
no service timestamps log datetime msec
no service timestamps debug datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname Switch
!
!
!
!
!
!
spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst
spanning-tree portfast default
spanning-tree extend system-id
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
!
interface FastEthernet0/2
 switchport access vlan 10
 switchport mode access
!
interface FastEthernet0/3
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface FastEthernet0/4
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface FastEthernet0/5
!
interface FastEthernet0/6
!
interface FastEthernet0/7
!
interface FastEthernet0/8
!
interface FastEthernet0/9
!
interface FastEthernet0/10
!
interface FastEthernet0/11
!
interface FastEthernet0/12
!
interface FastEthernet0/13
!
interface FastEthernet0/14
!
interface FastEthernet0/15
!
interface FastEthernet0/16
!
interface FastEthernet0/17
!
interface FastEthernet0/18
!
interface FastEthernet0/19
!
interface FastEthernet0/20
!
interface FastEthernet0/21
!
interface FastEthernet0/22
!
interface FastEthernet0/23
!
interface FastEthernet0/24
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/2
!
interface Vlan1
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface Vlan10
 no ip address
!
interface Vlan20
 description VLAN20
 no ip address
!
!
!
!
line con 0
!
line vty 0 4
 login
line vty 5 15
 login
!
!
!
!
end

正确的开关配置：

Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1282 bytes
!
version 15.0
no service timestamps log datetime msec
no service timestamps debug datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname Switch
!
!
!
!
!
!
spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst
spanning-tree portfast default
spanning-tree extend system-id
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 switchport access vlan 20
 switchport mode access
!
interface FastEthernet0/2
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface FastEthernet0/3
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface FastEthernet0/4
!
interface FastEthernet0/5
!
interface FastEthernet0/6
!
interface FastEthernet0/7
!
interface FastEthernet0/8
!
interface FastEthernet0/9
!
interface FastEthernet0/10
!
interface FastEthernet0/11
!
interface FastEthernet0/12
!
interface FastEthernet0/13
!
interface FastEthernet0/14
!
interface FastEthernet0/15
!
interface FastEthernet0/16
!
interface FastEthernet0/17
!
interface FastEthernet0/18
!
interface FastEthernet0/19
!
interface FastEthernet0/20
!
interface FastEthernet0/21
!
interface FastEthernet0/22
!
interface FastEthernet0/23
!
interface FastEthernet0/24
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/2
!
interface Vlan1
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface Vlan10
 no ip address
!
interface Vlan20
 no ip address
!
!
!
!
line con 0
!
line vty 0 4
 login
line vty 5 15
 login
!
!
!
!
end

路由器配置：

Building configuration...

Current configuration : 2166 bytes
!
version 15.1
no service timestamps log datetime msec
no service timestamps debug datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname Router
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
no ip cef
no ipv6 cef
!
!
!
!
license udi pid CISCO2811/K9 sn FTX1017G8V4-
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst
spanning-tree portfast default
!
!
!
!
!
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 no ip address
 duplex auto
 speed auto
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 no ip address
 duplex auto
 speed auto
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface FastEthernet1/1
 switchport mode trunk
!
interface FastEthernet1/2
 switchport mode access
 switchport nonegotiate
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet1/3
 switchport mode access
 switchport nonegotiate
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet1/4
 switchport mode access
 switchport nonegotiate
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet1/5
 switchport mode access
 switchport nonegotiate
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet1/6
 switchport mode access
 switchport nonegotiate
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet1/7
 switchport mode access
 switchport nonegotiate
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet1/8
 switchport mode access
 switchport nonegotiate
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet1/9
 switchport mode access
 switchport nonegotiate
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet1/10
 switchport mode access
 switchport nonegotiate
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet1/11
 switchport mode access
 switchport nonegotiate
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet1/12
 switchport mode access
 switchport nonegotiate
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet1/13
 switchport mode access
 switchport nonegotiate
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet1/14
 switchport mode access
 switchport nonegotiate
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet1/15
 switchport mode access
 switchport nonegotiate
 shutdown
!
interface Vlan1
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface Vlan10
 mac-address 0007.ec9a.a101
 no ip address
!
interface Vlan20
 mac-address 0007.ec9a.a102
 no ip address
!
interface Vlan30
 mac-address 0007.ec9a.a103
 ip address 192.168.30.3 255.255.255.0
!
ip classless
!
ip flow-export version 9
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
line con 0
!
line aux 0
!
line vty 0 4
 login
!
!
!
end

左侧笔记本电脑： 在此处输入图片说明

正确的笔记本电脑： 在此处输入图片说明

我还没有配置服务器，因为我希望所有的东西都使用静态 IP，一旦一切正常，我将配置 DHCP。

MLS VLAN 简介：

Switch#sh vlan brief 

VLAN Name                             Status    Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1    default                          active    Gig1/0/6, Gig1/0/7, Gig1/0/8, Gig1/0/9
                                                Gig1/0/10, Gig1/0/11, Gig1/0/12, Gig1/0/13
                                                Gig1/0/14, Gig1/0/15, Gig1/0/16, Gig1/0/17
                                                Gig1/0/18, Gig1/0/19, Gig1/0/20, Gig1/0/21
                                                Gig1/0/22, Gig1/0/23, Gig1/0/24, Gig1/1/1
                                                Gig1/1/2, Gig1/1/3, Gig1/1/4
1002 fddi-default                     active    
1003 token-ring-default               active    
1004 fddinet-default                  active    
1005 trnet-default                    active

左交换机 VLAN 简介：

Switch#sh vlan brief

VLAN Name                             Status    Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1    default                          active    Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8
                                                Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12
                                                Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16
                                                Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20
                                                Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24
                                                Gig0/1, Gig0/2
10   VLAN0010                         active    Fa0/1, Fa0/2
1002 fddi-default                     active    
1003 token-ring-default               active    
1004 fddinet-default                  active    
1005 trnet-default                    active

右交换机 VLAN 简介：

Switch#sh vlan brief 

VLAN Name                             Status    Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1    default                          active    Fa0/4, Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7
                                                Fa0/8, Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11
                                                Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15
                                                Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19
                                                Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23
                                                Fa0/24, Gig0/1, Gig0/2
20   VLAN0020                         active    Fa0/1
1002 fddi-default                     active    
1003 token-ring-default               active    
1004 fddinet-default                  active    
1005 trnet-default                    active
1个回答

查看配置是否创建了 vlan？我可以看到配置的 vlan 接口，但 running-config 没有显示任何会创建 vlan 的 vlan 配置。

显示 vlan brief并查看每个交换机上是否列出了 vlan。

编辑 - 在全局配置模式下发出命令vlan vlan-id例如vlan 10。这将在交换机上创建 vlan。

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