如何使用 JavaScript 查找操作系统详细信息？

IT技术 javascript operating-system user-agent
2021-01-12 16:10:16

如何使用 JavaScript 查找操作系统名称和操作系统版本？

6个回答

我开始编写一个脚本来读取可以在Fiddle上测试的操作系统和浏览器版本。随意使用和扩展。
重大变化：
自 2020 年 9 月起检测到新的 Edge。所以“Microsoft Edge”是基于 Chromium 的新版本，而旧的 Edge 现在被检测为“Microsoft Legacy Edge”！

/**
 * JavaScript Client Detection
 * (C) viazenetti GmbH (Christian Ludwig)
 */
(function (window) {
    {
        var unknown = '-';

        // screen
        var screenSize = '';
        if (screen.width) {
            width = (screen.width) ? screen.width : '';
            height = (screen.height) ? screen.height : '';
            screenSize += '' + width + " x " + height;
        }

        // browser
        var nVer = navigator.appVersion;
        var nAgt = navigator.userAgent;
        var browser = navigator.appName;
        var version = '' + parseFloat(navigator.appVersion);
        var majorVersion = parseInt(navigator.appVersion, 10);
        var nameOffset, verOffset, ix;

        // Opera
        if ((verOffset = nAgt.indexOf('Opera')) != -1) {
            browser = 'Opera';
            version = nAgt.substring(verOffset + 6);
            if ((verOffset = nAgt.indexOf('Version')) != -1) {
                version = nAgt.substring(verOffset + 8);
            }
        }
        // Opera Next
        if ((verOffset = nAgt.indexOf('OPR')) != -1) {
            browser = 'Opera';
            version = nAgt.substring(verOffset + 4);
        }
        // Legacy Edge
        else if ((verOffset = nAgt.indexOf('Edge')) != -1) {
            browser = 'Microsoft Legacy Edge';
            version = nAgt.substring(verOffset + 5);
        } 
        // Edge (Chromium)
        else if ((verOffset = nAgt.indexOf('Edg')) != -1) {
            browser = 'Microsoft Edge';
            version = nAgt.substring(verOffset + 4);
        }
        // MSIE
        else if ((verOffset = nAgt.indexOf('MSIE')) != -1) {
            browser = 'Microsoft Internet Explorer';
            version = nAgt.substring(verOffset + 5);
        }
        // Chrome
        else if ((verOffset = nAgt.indexOf('Chrome')) != -1) {
            browser = 'Chrome';
            version = nAgt.substring(verOffset + 7);
        }
        // Safari
        else if ((verOffset = nAgt.indexOf('Safari')) != -1) {
            browser = 'Safari';
            version = nAgt.substring(verOffset + 7);
            if ((verOffset = nAgt.indexOf('Version')) != -1) {
                version = nAgt.substring(verOffset + 8);
            }
        }
        // Firefox
        else if ((verOffset = nAgt.indexOf('Firefox')) != -1) {
            browser = 'Firefox';
            version = nAgt.substring(verOffset + 8);
        }
        // MSIE 11+
        else if (nAgt.indexOf('Trident/') != -1) {
            browser = 'Microsoft Internet Explorer';
            version = nAgt.substring(nAgt.indexOf('rv:') + 3);
        }
        // Other browsers
        else if ((nameOffset = nAgt.lastIndexOf(' ') + 1) < (verOffset = nAgt.lastIndexOf('/'))) {
            browser = nAgt.substring(nameOffset, verOffset);
            version = nAgt.substring(verOffset + 1);
            if (browser.toLowerCase() == browser.toUpperCase()) {
                browser = navigator.appName;
            }
        }
        // trim the version string
        if ((ix = version.indexOf(';')) != -1) version = version.substring(0, ix);
        if ((ix = version.indexOf(' ')) != -1) version = version.substring(0, ix);
        if ((ix = version.indexOf(')')) != -1) version = version.substring(0, ix);

        majorVersion = parseInt('' + version, 10);
        if (isNaN(majorVersion)) {
            version = '' + parseFloat(navigator.appVersion);
            majorVersion = parseInt(navigator.appVersion, 10);
        }

        // mobile version
        var mobile = /Mobile|mini|Fennec|Android|iP(ad|od|hone)/.test(nVer);

        // cookie
        var cookieEnabled = (navigator.cookieEnabled) ? true : false;

        if (typeof navigator.cookieEnabled == 'undefined' && !cookieEnabled) {
            document.cookie = 'testcookie';
            cookieEnabled = (document.cookie.indexOf('testcookie') != -1) ? true : false;
        }

        // system
        var os = unknown;
        var clientStrings = [
            {s:'Windows 10', r:/(Windows 10.0|Windows NT 10.0)/},
            {s:'Windows 8.1', r:/(Windows 8.1|Windows NT 6.3)/},
            {s:'Windows 8', r:/(Windows 8|Windows NT 6.2)/},
            {s:'Windows 7', r:/(Windows 7|Windows NT 6.1)/},
            {s:'Windows Vista', r:/Windows NT 6.0/},
            {s:'Windows Server 2003', r:/Windows NT 5.2/},
            {s:'Windows XP', r:/(Windows NT 5.1|Windows XP)/},
            {s:'Windows 2000', r:/(Windows NT 5.0|Windows 2000)/},
            {s:'Windows ME', r:/(Win 9x 4.90|Windows ME)/},
            {s:'Windows 98', r:/(Windows 98|Win98)/},
            {s:'Windows 95', r:/(Windows 95|Win95|Windows_95)/},
            {s:'Windows NT 4.0', r:/(Windows NT 4.0|WinNT4.0|WinNT|Windows NT)/},
            {s:'Windows CE', r:/Windows CE/},
            {s:'Windows 3.11', r:/Win16/},
            {s:'Android', r:/Android/},
            {s:'Open BSD', r:/OpenBSD/},
            {s:'Sun OS', r:/SunOS/},
            {s:'Chrome OS', r:/CrOS/},
            {s:'Linux', r:/(Linux|X11(?!.*CrOS))/},
            {s:'iOS', r:/(iPhone|iPad|iPod)/},
            {s:'Mac OS X', r:/Mac OS X/},
            {s:'Mac OS', r:/(Mac OS|MacPPC|MacIntel|Mac_PowerPC|Macintosh)/},
            {s:'QNX', r:/QNX/},
            {s:'UNIX', r:/UNIX/},
            {s:'BeOS', r:/BeOS/},
            {s:'OS/2', r:/OS\/2/},
            {s:'Search Bot', r:/(nuhk|Googlebot|Yammybot|Openbot|Slurp|MSNBot|Ask Jeeves\/Teoma|ia_archiver)/}
        ];
        for (var id in clientStrings) {
            var cs = clientStrings[id];
            if (cs.r.test(nAgt)) {
                os = cs.s;
                break;
            }
        }

        var osVersion = unknown;

        if (/Windows/.test(os)) {
            osVersion = /Windows (.*)/.exec(os)[1];
            os = 'Windows';
        }

        switch (os) {
            case 'Mac OS':
            case 'Mac OS X':
            case 'Android':
                osVersion = /(?:Android|Mac OS|Mac OS X|MacPPC|MacIntel|Mac_PowerPC|Macintosh) ([\.\_\d]+)/.exec(nAgt)[1];
                break;

            case 'iOS':
                osVersion = /OS (\d+)_(\d+)_?(\d+)?/.exec(nVer);
                osVersion = osVersion[1] + '.' + osVersion[2] + '.' + (osVersion[3] | 0);
                break;
        }
        
        // flash (you'll need to include swfobject)
        /* script src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/swfobject/2.2/swfobject.js" */
        var flashVersion = 'no check';
        if (typeof swfobject != 'undefined') {
            var fv = swfobject.getFlashPlayerVersion();
            if (fv.major > 0) {
                flashVersion = fv.major + '.' + fv.minor + ' r' + fv.release;
            }
            else  {
                flashVersion = unknown;
            }
        }
    }

    window.jscd = {
        screen: screenSize,
        browser: browser,
        browserVersion: version,
        browserMajorVersion: majorVersion,
        mobile: mobile,
        os: os,
        osVersion: osVersion,
        cookies: cookieEnabled,
        flashVersion: flashVersion
    };
}(this));

alert(
    'OS: ' + jscd.os +' '+ jscd.osVersion + '\n' +
    'Browser: ' + jscd.browser +' '+ jscd.browserMajorVersion +
      ' (' + jscd.browserVersion + ')\n' + 
    'Mobile: ' + jscd.mobile + '\n' +
    'Flash: ' + jscd.flashVersion + '\n' +
    'Cookies: ' + jscd.cookies + '\n' +
    'Screen Size: ' + jscd.screen + '\n\n' +
    'Full User Agent: ' + navigator.userAgent
);
关于10这一行中的数字osVersion = /Mac OS X (10[\.\_\d]+)/.exec(nAgt)[1];：下一个 macOS 版本是11. 所以应该更新代码。
2021-03-11 16:10:16
我受到@Ludwig 代码的启发，在 GitHub 上创建了一个开源项目。github.com/keithws/browser-report
2021-03-16 16:10:16
@akapelko 不幸的是，Microsoft 对多个操作系统使用相同的版本号（请参阅msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/...）
2021-03-30 16:10:16
@skwidbreth 谢谢。添加了 Crome OS 并包含强化的 Linux 检测（以防有人更改顺序）
2021-04-03 16:10:16
添加了对“边缘”的检测
2021-04-08 16:10:16

如果您使用 列出所有window.navigator的属性

console.log(navigator);

你会看到这样的

# platform = Win32
# appCodeName = Mozilla
# appName = Netscape
# appVersion = 5.0 (Windows; en-US)
# language = en-US
# mimeTypes = [object MimeTypeArray]
# oscpu = Windows NT 5.1
# vendor = Firefox
# vendorSub = 1.0.7
# product = Gecko
# productSub = 20050915
# plugins = [object PluginArray]
# securityPolicy =
# userAgent = Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.7.12) Gecko/20050915 Firefox/1.0.7
# cookieEnabled = true
# javaEnabled = function javaEnabled() { [native code] }
# taintEnabled = function taintEnabled() { [native code] }
# preference = function preference() { [native code] }

请注意，该oscpu属性为您提供了 Windows 版本。另外，你应该知道：

'Windows 3.11' => 'Win16',
'Windows 95' => '(Windows 95)|(Win95)|(Windows_95)',
'Windows 98' => '(Windows 98)|(Win98)',
'Windows 2000' => '(Windows NT 5.0)|(Windows 2000)',
'Windows XP' => '(Windows NT 5.1)|(Windows XP)',
'Windows Server 2003' => '(Windows NT 5.2)',
'Windows Vista' => '(Windows NT 6.0)',
'Windows 7' => '(Windows NT 6.1)',
'Windows 8' => '(Windows NT 6.2)|(WOW64)',
'Windows 10' => '(Windows 10.0)|(Windows NT 10.0)',
'Windows NT 4.0' => '(Windows NT 4.0)|(WinNT4.0)|(WinNT)|(Windows NT)',
'Windows ME' => 'Windows ME',
'Open BSD' => 'OpenBSD',
'Sun OS' => 'SunOS',
'Linux' => '(Linux)|(X11)',
'Mac OS' => '(Mac_PowerPC)|(Macintosh)',
'QNX' => 'QNX',
'BeOS' => 'BeOS',
'OS/2' => 'OS/2',
'Search Bot'=>'(nuhk)|(Googlebot)|(Yammybot)|(Openbot)|(Slurp)|(MSNBot)|(Ask Jeeves/Teoma)|(ia_archiver)'
我也在 Chrome 中观察 window.navigator.oscpu 未定义，所以这个解决方案没有多大帮助。
2021-03-21 16:10:16
window.navigator.oscpu 在 chrome 中未定义
2021-03-25 16:10:16
当然（Windows NT 6.2）见这个链接bitbucket.org/cat_in_136/configuration-mania/src/...
2021-03-28 16:10:16
当我在 Windows 7 上的 4 个主要浏览器上测试它时，oscpu 对我来说不一致。@Ludwig 的解决方案一直有效。
2021-03-30 16:10:16
window.navigator.platform 在 Chrome 中获得了操作系统。
2021-04-07 16:10:16 
var OSName = "Unknown";
if (window.navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Windows NT 10.0")!= -1) OSName="Windows 10";
if (window.navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Windows NT 6.3") != -1) OSName="Windows 8.1";
if (window.navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Windows NT 6.2") != -1) OSName="Windows 8";
if (window.navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Windows NT 6.1") != -1) OSName="Windows 7";
if (window.navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Windows NT 6.0") != -1) OSName="Windows Vista";
if (window.navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Windows NT 5.1") != -1) OSName="Windows XP";
if (window.navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Windows NT 5.0") != -1) OSName="Windows 2000";
if (window.navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Mac")            != -1) OSName="Mac/iOS";
if (window.navigator.userAgent.indexOf("X11")            != -1) OSName="UNIX";
if (window.navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Linux")          != -1) OSName="Linux";
你不应该使用else if第二张支票吗？
2021-04-02 16:10:16

@Ludwig 的解决方案非常棒。一些修复（与操作系统无关，我无法对他的原始帖子发表评论，因为这太长了）：

  1. IE 11 不再将自己标识为 MS IE。
  2. IOS 上的 Chrome 将自己伪装成 Safari

他们来了：

(function (window) {
    {
    /* test cases
        alert(
            'browserInfo result: OS: ' + browserInfo.os +' '+ browserInfo.osVersion + '\n'+
                'Browser: ' + browserInfo.browser +' '+ browserInfo.browserVersion + '\n' +
                'Mobile: ' + browserInfo.mobile + '\n' +
                'Cookies: ' + browserInfo.cookies + '\n' +
                'Screen Size: ' + browserInfo.screen
        );
    */
        var unknown = 'Unknown';

        // screen
        var screenSize = '';
        if (screen.width) {
            width = (screen.width) ? screen.width : '';
            height = (screen.height) ? screen.height : '';
            screenSize += '' + width + " x " + height;
        }

        //browser
        var nVer = navigator.appVersion;
        var nAgt = navigator.userAgent;
        var browser = navigator.appName;
        var version = '' + parseFloat(navigator.appVersion);
        var majorVersion = parseInt(navigator.appVersion, 10);
        var nameOffset, verOffset, ix;

        // Opera
        if ((verOffset = nAgt.indexOf('Opera')) != -1) {
            browser = 'Opera';
            version = nAgt.substring(verOffset + 6);
            if ((verOffset = nAgt.indexOf('Version')) != -1) {
                version = nAgt.substring(verOffset + 8);
            }
        }
        // MSIE
        else if ((verOffset = nAgt.indexOf('MSIE')) != -1) {
            browser = 'Microsoft Internet Explorer';
            version = nAgt.substring(verOffset + 5);
        }

        //IE 11 no longer identifies itself as MS IE, so trap it
        //http://stackoverflow.com/questions/17907445/how-to-detect-ie11
        else if ((browser == 'Netscape') && (nAgt.indexOf('Trident/') != -1)) {

            browser = 'Microsoft Internet Explorer';
            version = nAgt.substring(verOffset + 5);
            if ((verOffset = nAgt.indexOf('rv:')) != -1) {
                version = nAgt.substring(verOffset + 3);
            }

        }

        // Chrome
        else if ((verOffset = nAgt.indexOf('Chrome')) != -1) {
            browser = 'Chrome';
            version = nAgt.substring(verOffset + 7);
        }
        // Safari
        else if ((verOffset = nAgt.indexOf('Safari')) != -1) {
            browser = 'Safari';
            version = nAgt.substring(verOffset + 7);
            if ((verOffset = nAgt.indexOf('Version')) != -1) {
                version = nAgt.substring(verOffset + 8);
            }

            // Chrome on iPad identifies itself as Safari. Actual results do not match what Google claims
            //  at: https://developers.google.com/chrome/mobile/docs/user-agent?hl=ja
            //  No mention of chrome in the user agent string. However it does mention CriOS, which presumably
            //  can be keyed on to detect it.
            if (nAgt.indexOf('CriOS') != -1) {
                //Chrome on iPad spoofing Safari...correct it.
                browser = 'Chrome';
                //Don't believe there is a way to grab the accurate version number, so leaving that for now.
            }
        }
        // Firefox
        else if ((verOffset = nAgt.indexOf('Firefox')) != -1) {
            browser = 'Firefox';
            version = nAgt.substring(verOffset + 8);
        }
        // Other browsers
        else if ((nameOffset = nAgt.lastIndexOf(' ') + 1) < (verOffset = nAgt.lastIndexOf('/'))) {
            browser = nAgt.substring(nameOffset, verOffset);
            version = nAgt.substring(verOffset + 1);
            if (browser.toLowerCase() == browser.toUpperCase()) {
                browser = navigator.appName;
            }
        }
        // trim the version string
        if ((ix = version.indexOf(';')) != -1) version = version.substring(0, ix);
        if ((ix = version.indexOf(' ')) != -1) version = version.substring(0, ix);
        if ((ix = version.indexOf(')')) != -1) version = version.substring(0, ix);

        majorVersion = parseInt('' + version, 10);
        if (isNaN(majorVersion)) {
            version = '' + parseFloat(navigator.appVersion);
            majorVersion = parseInt(navigator.appVersion, 10);
        }

        // mobile version
        var mobile = /Mobile|mini|Fennec|Android|iP(ad|od|hone)/.test(nVer);

        // cookie
        var cookieEnabled = (navigator.cookieEnabled) ? true : false;

        if (typeof navigator.cookieEnabled == 'undefined' && !cookieEnabled) {
            document.cookie = 'testcookie';
            cookieEnabled = (document.cookie.indexOf('testcookie') != -1) ? true : false;
        }

        // system
        var os = unknown;
        var clientStrings = [
            {s:'Windows 3.11', r:/Win16/},
            {s:'Windows 95', r:/(Windows 95|Win95|Windows_95)/},
            {s:'Windows ME', r:/(Win 9x 4.90|Windows ME)/},
            {s:'Windows 98', r:/(Windows 98|Win98)/},
            {s:'Windows CE', r:/Windows CE/},
            {s:'Windows 2000', r:/(Windows NT 5.0|Windows 2000)/},
            {s:'Windows XP', r:/(Windows NT 5.1|Windows XP)/},
            {s:'Windows Server 2003', r:/Windows NT 5.2/},
            {s:'Windows Vista', r:/Windows NT 6.0/},
            {s:'Windows 7', r:/(Windows 7|Windows NT 6.1)/},
            {s:'Windows 8.1', r:/(Windows 8.1|Windows NT 6.3)/},
            {s:'Windows 8', r:/(Windows 8|Windows NT 6.2)/},
            {s:'Windows NT 4.0', r:/(Windows NT 4.0|WinNT4.0|WinNT|Windows NT)/},
            {s:'Windows ME', r:/Windows ME/},
            {s:'Android', r:/Android/},
            {s:'Open BSD', r:/OpenBSD/},
            {s:'Sun OS', r:/SunOS/},
            {s:'Linux', r:/(Linux|X11)/},
            {s:'iOS', r:/(iPhone|iPad|iPod)/},
            {s:'Mac OS X', r:/Mac OS X/},
            {s:'Mac OS', r:/(MacPPC|MacIntel|Mac_PowerPC|Macintosh)/},
            {s:'QNX', r:/QNX/},
            {s:'UNIX', r:/UNIX/},
            {s:'BeOS', r:/BeOS/},
            {s:'OS/2', r:/OS\/2/},
            {s:'Search Bot', r:/(nuhk|Googlebot|Yammybot|Openbot|Slurp|MSNBot|Ask Jeeves\/Teoma|ia_archiver)/}
        ];
        for (var id in clientStrings) {
            var cs = clientStrings[id];
            if (cs.r.test(nAgt)) {
                os = cs.s;
                break;
            }
        }

        var osVersion = unknown;

        if (/Windows/.test(os)) {
            osVersion = /Windows (.*)/.exec(os)[1];
            os = 'Windows';
        }

        switch (os) {
            case 'Mac OS X':
                osVersion = /Mac OS X (10[\.\_\d]+)/.exec(nAgt)[1];
                break;

            case 'Android':
                osVersion = /Android ([\.\_\d]+)/.exec(nAgt)[1];
                break;

            case 'iOS':
                osVersion = /OS (\d+)_(\d+)_?(\d+)?/.exec(nVer);
                osVersion = osVersion[1] + '.' + osVersion[2] + '.' + (osVersion[3] | 0);
                break;

        }
    }

    window.browserInfo = {
        screen: screenSize,
        browser: browser,
        browserVersion: version,
        mobile: mobile,
        os: os,
        osVersion: osVersion,
        cookies: cookieEnabled
    };
}(this));
我已经基于此启动了一个 github 存储库。github.com/thorst/浏览器。目标是最小的，但有足够的覆盖范围。
2021-03-12 16:10:16
所以现在您所要做的就是在每个设备上的每个浏览器发布时不断更新它。我在任何地方都看不到“Samsung SmartTV”。
2021-04-05 16:10:16
@Ian Ippolito 这非常有帮助，非常感谢。另外我想知道我们如何找到边缘浏览器及其版本。
2021-04-05 16:10:16

JavaScript 可以访问window.navigator.platform- 代表浏览器平台的字符串：https : //developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/NavigatorID/platform

使用它来提取您需要（并且可以）的任何细节。请注意，不能保证客户端实际使用该平台，因为这可以通过多种方式轻松修改。

@ConAntonakos 您能否提供该声明的参考？这个答案的 MDN 链接中没有提到这一点。
2021-03-11 16:10:16
“此功能已从 Web 标准中删除。虽然某些浏览器可能仍然支持它，但它正在被删除。不要在旧项目或新项目中使用它。使用它的页面或 Web 应用程序可能随时崩溃。 ”
2021-03-12 16:10:16
我认为文档搞砸了，它仍然说它在葡萄牙语版本中已被弃用：developer.mozilla.org/pt-BR/docs/Web/API/NavigatorID/platform
2021-03-12 16:10:16
更新：我修复了葡萄牙语文档，并验证了英语文档确实在某个时候得到了更正。
2021-04-02 16:10:16
@Splaktar - 这太奇怪了。那个消息肯定在那里，但我看它不再存在了。我认为在 2016 年的某个时候它被考虑过？我也看到了这个问题（stackoverflow.com/questions/38506517/...），所以其他人也注意到了。感谢更新。
2021-04-08 16:10:16
其它你可能感兴趣的问题
上一篇按名称获取cookie 下一篇Javascript - 跟踪鼠标位置