您绝对应该考虑置换检验,因为您可以使用均值作为检验统计量并且假设要少得多。如果你谷歌排列测试或在这里搜索,你会发现很多信息。一个实现R(取自对我的一个问题的这个很好的答案):
a <- rnorm(5)
b <- rnorm(5, 0.5)
DV <- c(a, b)
ids <- seq(along = DV) # indices to permute
idx <- combn(ids, length(a)) # all possibilities for different groups
# function to calculate difference in group means given index vector for group A
getDiffM <- function(x) { mean(DV[x]) - mean(DV[!(ids %in% x)]) }
resDM <- apply(idx, 2, getDiffM) # difference in means for all permutations
diffM <- mean(a) - mean(b) # empirical differencen in group means
# p-value: proportion of group means at least as extreme as observed one
(pVal <- sum(resDM >= diffM) / length(resDM))