2023年英语试题

1、请在第______处填上正确答案。

2、请在第_____处填上正确答案。

3、Passage Four
How can we get rid of garbage?Do we have enough energy sources to meet our future energy needs?
These are two important questions that many people are asking today．Some people think that man might be able to solve both problems at the same time,They suggest using garbage as an energy source,and at the same time it can save the land to hold garbage．
For a long time,people buried garbage or dumped it on empty land．Now,empty land is scarce．But more and more garbage is produced each year．However,garbage can be a good fuel to use．The things in garbage do not look like coal,petroleum,or natural gas;but they are chemically similar to these fossil fuels．As we use up our fossil-fuel supplies,we might be able to use garbage as an energy source．Burning garbage is not a new idea．Some cities in Europe and the United States have been burning garbage for years．The heat that is produced by burning garbage is used to boil water．The steam that is produced is used to make electricity or to heat nearby,buildings．In Paris,France,some power plants burn almost 2 million metric tons of the cities garbage each year．The amount of energy produced is about the same as would be produced by burning almost a half million barrels of oil．
Our fossil fuel supplies are limited．Burning garbage might be one kind of energy source that we can use to help meet our energy needs．This method could also reduce the amount if garbage piling up on the earth．
The best title for the passage may be______

4、Californian Michael Schwabe said goodbye to the gas pump two years ago．He leased an electric car．Schwabe says he gets more out of driving an electric car than just a charge.
"With the price of gasoline and with the problems with clean air,it's important we get electric vehicles out on the road."
On California roads there are about two thousand electric cars．By 2003,ten percent of all new cars may be required to have zero emissions．This is a mandate automakers say it is way ahead of its time.
Gloria Bergquist of the Alliance of Auto Manufacturers says,"The technology(for zero emissions)isn't here yet;it still needs advancement in driving range to make it more appealing to a wider consumer audience."
Auto makers blame it on the batteries．Power runs out on most cars after about 70 miles．However,some cars can now go more than 100 miles on a charge．Batteries are expensive．Carmakers say there is nothing they can do about it.
Tim Carmichael of the Clean Air Coalition says,"The automakers have not built a vehicle unless required to do so,so it's very important for the state to stay committed to this program requiting automakers to build small amounts in beginning years and then the market will take off."
Right now the California Air Resources Board requires that a percentage of new cars sold should be free of emissions．What is that percentage?

5、When I was about 12 1 had an enemy,a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings．Week by week her list grew:I was skinny,I wasn't a good student,I was boyish,I talked too loud,and so on．I put up with her as long as I could．At last,with great anger,I ran to my father in tears.
He listened to my outburst quietly．Then he asked,"Are the things she says true or not?"
True?I wanted to know how to strike back．What did truth have to do with it?
"Mary,didn't you ever wonder what you are really like?Well,you now have that girl's opinion．Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true．Pay no attention to the other things she said."
I did as he directed and discovered to my surprise that about half the things were true．Some of them I couldn't change(like being skinny),but a good number I could and suddenly wanted to change．
For the first time in my life I got a fairly clear picture of myself.
I brought the list back to Daddy．He refused to take it.
"That's just for you,"he said．"You know better than anybody else the truth about yourself,once you hear it．But you've got to learn to listen,not to close your ears in anger or hurt．When something said about you is true you'll know it．You'll find that it will echo inside you."
Daddy's advice has returned to me at many important moments．
What did the girl do when she could no longer bear her enemy?

6、Of all Barry
H．Landau's anecdotes about his friendships with presidential dogs,perhaps the best is the one about the time the Clinton White House called to postpone his play-date with Buddy．
Yes,Landau is both human and an adult,a 60-year-old author,presidential historian,former White House protocol officer and memorabilia collector．But so enamored is he of dogs,and so well connected to a succession of presidents,that he had an appointment for a South Lawn romp one day with Buddy,Bill Clinton's Labrador retriever(拉布拉多犬).
Logistics got in the way,though,and hence Clinton secretary Betty Currie's apologetic voice mail left at the Smithsonian Institution,where Landau was doing research:"I'm sorry,but we'll have to reschedule Mr．Landau's play-date with Buddy."
Not surprisingly,this is a happy week for Landau,with the new Obama family dog,Bo,joining a White House tradition that dates to George Washington．It's one that Landau feels is invaluable to a presidency.
"Having a dog just humanizes a president,"he says．"It completes the picture．It's something people can relate to."
And Landau has related to the best of them．He's known about 25 White House dogs since the Eisenhower administration．Among the presidential-pooch memorabilia in his Manhattan apartment are matching orange inaugural dog coats worn by LBJ's twin beagles(小猎犬),Him and Her,and a photo of Landau kissing Clipper,JFK's German shepherd.
Where does Landau live?

7、“If there is one thing I’m sure about,it is that in a hundred years from now we will still be reading newspapers．It is not that newspapers are a necessity．Even now some people get most of their news from television or radio．Many buy a paper only on Saturday or Sunday．But for most people reading a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation．
The nature of what is news may change．What basically makes news is what affects our lives—the big political stories,the coverage of the wars,earthquakes and other disasters,will continue much the same．I think there will be more coverage of scientific research,though．It’s already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives,like genetic(基因)engineering．In the future,I think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do—as we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are．
It’s quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be transmitted(传送)electronically from Fleet Street and printed out in our own home．In fact,I’m pretty sure that how it will happen in the future．You will probably be able to choose from a menu,making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read—sports and international news,et
C．
I think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition between the different media(媒体)．They actually feed off each other．Some people once foresaw that television would kill off newspapers,but that hasn’t happene
D．What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a screen or sound lost in the air．And as for the Internet,it’s never really pleasant to read something just on a screen．
The phrase“feed off”in the last paragraph means_______．

8、Like every language,American English is full of special expressions,phrases that come from the day-to-day life of the people and develop in their own way．Our expression today is“to face the music”．
When someone says,“well,I guess I’ll have to face the music,”it does not mean he’s planning to go to the concert．It is something far less pleasant,like being called in by your boss to explain why you did this and did that,and why you didn’t do this or that．Sour music indeed,but it has to be faced At sometime or another,every one of us has had to face the music,especially as children．We can all remember father’s angry voice,“I want to talk to you．”and only because we did not obey him．What an unpleasant business it was!
The phrase“to face the music”is familiar to every American,young and old,It is at least 100 years old
．And where did this expression come from?The first explanation comes from the American novelist,James Fenimore Looper．He said,in 1851,that the expression was first used by actors while waiting in the wings to go on the stage．When they got their cue to go on,they often said,“Well,it’s time to face the music．”And that was exactly what they did—facing the orchestra which was just below them．And an actor might be frightened or nervous as he moved on to the stage in front of an audience that might be friendly or perhaps?hostile,especially if he forgot his lines．But he had to go out．If he did not,there would be no play．So the expression“to face the music”come to mean“having to go through something,no matter how unpleasant the experience might be,because you knew you had no choice．”
Other explanations about the expression go back to the army．When the men faced an inspection by their leader,the soldiers would be worried about how well they looked
．Was their equipment clean,shinny enough to pass the inspection?Still the men had to go out and face the music of the band as well as the inspection．What else could they do?
Another army explanation is more closely related to the idea of facing the results and accepting the responsibility for something that should not have been done．As,for example when a man is forced out of the army because he did something terrible,he is dishonored
．The band does not play．Only the drums tap a sad,slow beat．The soldier is forced to leave,facing such music as it is and facing the back of his horse．
Which of the following is a situation of facing the music?

9、Many people use wood stoves and fireplaces to heat their homes．Scientists have become worried about the smoke that they give off．Harmful chemicals are in the smoke．The smoke is causing air pollution．The pieces of pollution,called soot,are floating in the air．They are too tiny to see．Scientists must use a microscope to see them.
Small amounts of soot are safe,but large amounts can be dangerous．The govenment wants to limit this kind of pollution．It may stop people from using their fireplaces.
The air is tested every day．When soot levels are high,more than 65 micrograms of soot per cubic meter,factories must stop making smoke．The government thinks that limit should be much lower.
Factories produce the most smoke and soot．But the government thinks that all types of burning should be limited．The soot levels from factories and homes could be limited．Home owners may have to install new wood stoves that they comply with the new law．Or,they may not be able to bum on days when the air quality is bad.
Residents of some towns are fined if they violate the burning ban．Scientists hope these new regulations will make the air cleaner and less harmful to breathe.
What happens to some residents who bum too much wood?

10、Many people use wood stoves and fireplaces to heat their homes．Scientists have become worried about the smoke that they give off．Harmful chemicals are in the smoke．The smoke is causing air pollution．The pieces of pollution,called soot,are floating in the air．They are too tiny to see．Scientists must use a microscope to see them.
Small amounts of soot are safe,but large amounts can be dangerous．The govenment wants to limit this kind of pollution．It may stop people from using their fireplaces.
The air is tested every day．When soot levels are high,more than 65 micrograms of soot per cubic meter,factories must stop making smoke．The government thinks that limit should be much lower.
Factories produce the most smoke and soot．But the government thinks that all types of burning should be limited．The soot levels from factories and homes could be limited．Home owners may have to install new wood stoves that they comply with the new law．Or,they may not be able to bum on days when the air quality is bad.
Residents of some towns are fined if they violate the burning ban．Scientists hope these new regulations will make the air cleaner and less harmful to breathe.
Why is the air quality tested every day?

11、At the first sight the planet Mars does not appear very welcome to any kind of life．It has very little oxygen and water,the temperature at night is below-50~Cand winds of 100 miles per hour cause severe dust storms．However,the surface of the planet seems to show that water flowed across it some time in the past,and it is believed that there is enough ice at the poles to cover the planet with water if it melts．Although there is no life on the Mars now,some scientists think that there may have been some form of life long time ago．At that time,the planet had active volcanoes;the atmosphere was thicker and warmer;and there was water．In fact,in some ways the Mars may have been similar to the Earth,where life exists.
Some people believe that the Mars could support life in the future if the right conditions were produced．The first step would be to warm the planet using certain gases which trap the Sun's heat in the planet's atmosphere．With warmth,water and carbon dioxide(二氧化碳),simple plants could begin to grow．These plants could slowly make the Mars more suitable for living．It is estimated that the whole process might take between 100,000 and 200,000 years．In the meantime,people could begin to live on the planet in special closed environments．They would provide a lot of useful information about conditions on the Mars and the problems connected with living there.
There could be life on the Mars in the future if

12、请在第_____处填上正确答案。

13、Online distance learning is an instructional system which connects learners with educational resources．Students work on their own at home,at work,or at school and communicate with faculty and other students by means of e-mail,electronic meetings,videoconferencing,chat rooms,instant messaging and other forms of computer-based communication．There are both advantages and disadvantages to online distance learning.
There are many benefits to using online distance learning environments．Online education is available all the time,anywhere and to all people．However,there are weaknesses for some learners．The online learner only has the written text and no other face-to-face hints．This may confuse the learner and cause misunderstanding．While distance learning allows for an openness,it is also difficult because it is done by e-mail messages and writing,and therefore may take more time than face-to-face learning．Sometimes the messages can be overwhelming for many online students.
Universities,colleges and schools use online distance learning environments．These are important for students who may be unable to attend classes for various reasons like illnesses or busy everyday schedules．Some learners just want to further their studies at home．They enjoy the convenience of home learning as they take regular programs or enrichment classes.
Online courses keep learners very occupied at all hours of the day．There are a great many messages and other online resources to read and respond to．Most learners have regular jobs or attend regular school classes on ground as well．However,the benefits are clear．Online distance learning is becoming very popular．Some online classes have become a profitable business as they replace regular traditional means of learning.
Sometimes online distance learning can be a problem because__.

14、Some college students drink too much alcohol at school．Many of them live on the campus．Heavy drinking has caused many problems．It can cause students to make bad choices and do dangerous things.
One college has decided to ban alcohol．It has gotten a reputation as a party school．Five students at the college have died from drinking too much alcohol．Recently,one student drank too much vodka．He slipped into a coma．The college hopes the new rule will prevent any more tragedies.
The new rule prohibits students from drinking alcohol in the dorms．The first time a student breaks the rule they will receive a warning．If they break the rule again,they will be evicted from the dorm．However,they will still have to pay for the dorm．Some students do not live on the campus．They live in houses near the campus．Those students are also banned from drinking alcohol,even if they are of legal age.
Freshmen at the college are now required to take a special course．The course is called AlcoholEdu,and lasts for two and a half hours．The students learn about the dangers of alcohol．They also take a survey to find out how much they know about alcohol．All first-year students must pass the course.
The college hopes that more information will help students make better choices．
Why does the college want all freshmen to take the alcohol course?

15、It was a case of emergency．The four-year-old girl awoke and smelled smoke．She couldn't wake her mother,so she dialed"zero",An operator immediately called the fire department．Help was sent,and a tragedy avoided.
Days before this emergency,the mother had taught her child how to telephone for help．Children as young as two and one-half years old can be taught to use the phone in emergency situations．Here are some points.
Memorizing certain facts is important．Teach your children their names,and the section of town where you live．Try to keep what they learn within their abilities．Simple information,learned well,is better than difficult information only partly learned.
Be sure your children know how to use the telephone．They should be taught to dial"zero"for the operator,at the very least．And they should be taught to dial"911"if it is used in your town.
Practice over a period of several days．Over-learning is necessary so the child can act automatically in case of emergency.
If you would like a booklet giving instructions on calling for help,write Telephone For Help,Box 99,Bowling Green Station,New York,NY 10004.
Paragraph 4 talks about dialing"911"．This number is probably

16、Above all know your audience and match what you say to their needs．Creating your presentation with your audience in mind will assure that your audience will follow you．If your presentation doesn't appeal to your audience-no matter how well you have developed your presentation--your presentation will fall on deaf ears．This leads us to the next rule:Know your material thoroughly．Your material needs to be second nature to you．Practice and rehearse your presentation with friends,in front of a mirror,and with colleagues．If you are speaking in a second language,make sure that you record yourself and listen to a number of times before going to practice with a native speaker(if possible).
Remember that you are an actor when presenting．Make sure that not only your physical appearance is appropriate to the occasion,but also the tone you use is well chosen．If your topic is serious,be solemn．However,it's always a good idea to begin your presentation with an ice-breaker．Don't worry about making friends,rather lead the audience through your materials in a calm and relaxed manner．Speak slowly and clearly,and remember to address everyone in the audience-even the person the farthest away from you.
To achieve the above goals follow these tips when giving your presentation:
●Speak with conviction．Believe what you are saying and you will persuade your audience．
●Do not read from notes．Referring to notes is fine,but do so only briefly.
●Maintain eye contact with your audience．Making direct eye contact with individuals will help them feel as if they are participating in your presentation.
●Bring handouts．Don't just use a PowerPoint presentation．Provide audience members with handouts of the most important materials so they can keep your most
important takeaways in mind.
●Know when to stop．This cannot be underestimated．You need to make your case,but continuing for too long will only ensure that the audience forgets what you have said.
Handouts are important because__

17、请选出读音不同的选项。（ ）

18、There are many interesting news items in BP’s(英国石油公司)annual Energy Outlook just published. But perhaps the most astonishing suggestion in the report is the idea that cutting back on plastic use could make matters worse. This might be what you would expect BP to say. After all, as one of the world’s biggest oil companies, it makes a lot of money from selling products in plastic. But let’s look at the thinking behind BP’s argument.If the current opposing idea about the use of plastic continues, there could be a worldwide ban on single-use plastics by 2040. But the document argues that switching plastic for other materials will have a bigger cost in terms of energy and carbon emissions(排放). That sounds like the law of unintended(非故意的)consequences in action. When plastic bags are measured against paper or cotton substitutes, a BBC analysis found there wasn’t a great deal of difference in their environmental impact. Paper bags require fewer reuses to make them more environmentally friendly than single-use plastic bags, which means customers have to replace paper bags more frequently.Environmentalists, though, are not entirely convinced. They think that BP is stressing the problem of banning plastic for its own interest. “While it’s true that it takes less energy to produce and transport plastic than glass, a glass bottle can be reused dozens of times and is recyclable. Plus, materials like glass when they escape collection don’t go on polluting our oceans and rivers for hundreds of years," said Louise Edge, from Greenpeace UK.Steps to encourage recycling are being taken. The UK, for example, will introduce a new tax on the manufacture and import of plastic packaging in 2022. There are also lots of developments taking place with alternative materials. These may be the final defense against the unintended consequences of plastic bans.What measure is being taken by the UK to cut back on the use of plastics?

19、请选出读音不同的选项。()。

20、No sooner had she got home()she tried on her new coat.

21、It was your brother()I met at the station.

22、His brother is very ______ about wines.

23、I suggest that he _______ it next week.

24、The explanation given by the manager yesterday was not at all ____ to us.

25、A good ad often uses words ______ people attach positive meanings.

26、Maggie ____the floor when she _____the door bell ring.

27、- How exciting! I drove my new car at a speed of 110km/h on Sunday morning.- Were you crazy? You ________ yourself!

28、Carol made a ________ to work hard at school this year.

29、The higher the temperature, _____the liquid evaporates.

30、- Are you going to have a holiday?- _________

31、- I'll sorry to trouble you.- ___________.

32、- Thank you for inviting me.- _______

33、What is the central idea of the last paragraph?

34、I’m afraid this Painting is not by Picasso. It’s only a copy and so it’s ____.

35、A lot of differences _______ between the two languages.

36、After a long walk, I ______ .

37、She was complaining that the doctor was _____ too much for the treatment he was giving her.

38、You don’t have to be in such a hurry, I would rather you ____ on business first.

39、Parent jackdaws can use their tail feathers to ________.

40、In Mount Berry there are now ____.

41、Fortunately, the demonstration ____ to be quite peaceful.

42、All the reference books should be made ___ to the teachers and students in our university.

43、______ jumped on the donkey and kill it.

44、This passage tells us that _________.

45、One can take adult education courses ____ .

46、Generally ____ .

47、Mary is very _____ her mother.

48、Whether he comes or not ______ nothing to me.

49、Which of these descriptions of Gaynor is true?

50、Why did the donkey stay in Gui Zhou? Because ______ .